Research overview
What is MOTS-c?
MOTS-c was identified from a short open reading frame in mitochondrial 12S rRNA. It is a distinct mitochondrial-derived peptide from Humanin. The studied sequence and expression context should not be generalized to a separately sourced vial.
What has research examined?
An original cell and mouse study described effects on metabolic pathways, including AMPK-related signaling, and measured insulin-resistance and diet-induced-obesity outcomes in mice. FDA states it has found no human exposure data for MOTS-c drug products and lacks important safety information.
Mouse metabolic outcomes do not establish human weight-loss or longevity effects. Peptide identity and safety of a supplier vial are unverified here, and no administration is advised.
Research references
- Mitochondrial-derived MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis in experimental systemsCell Metabolism; cell and mouse study
- Certain bulk substances that may present significant safety risksU.S. Food and Drug Administration
Calculation boundary
FDA has not identified human exposure data for MOTS-c drug products and flags characterization, impurity, and immunogenicity concerns. A syringe visualization would not establish a safe or validated product.